Vapor-stove



(No Model.) .3 sheets-sheet 1.

H. RUPPEL.

VAPOR STOVE.

NQ. 521,128. Patented June 5, 1894.

TTORNEY.

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(No Model.) l 3 SAheets--Sheet 2.

H. RUPPEL.

VAPORSTOVB. Nb.521,128. Patented June 5,1894.

NWTNESSES INYENTOR- NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN v.

ATTORNEY (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

H. RUPPEL. VAPOR sTovE.

. 310,521,128. I Padzentd June 5.1894.

YHE NAncNAL LrmocmAPHma coMPANY.

WASHINGTON. o. 1:.

I UNITED STATEs PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY EUPPEL, or CLEVELAND, oHIo.l

VAPOR- sPEcIrIcArioNfrmg'pm of. Letters Petegem. V521,128, dated' June5, 18,94.

Application sied october?, 189e; sereine. 487.431. (Noma.)

To a/ZZk whom t mag/concern.-

zen of Athe United States, residing at Cleveas they occur in the series,each burner .be-j

land, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of' Ohio, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Vapor-Stoves; and I do herebydeclare that the following is afull, clear, and exact description of theinvention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which itappertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to vapor stoves, and the invention consists of avapor stove having the construction, combination and opera-v tion ofparts substantially as shown and de.

scribed and particularly pointed out in the claims. A

is anV end elevation thereof.

4 is a plan view thereof.- Fig. o is a longi` tudinal sectionalelevation of -the burner and its mechanism on line 93,00, Fig. 3. Figs.6, 7, 8 and 9 are detail views of parts of theburner,allashereinaftermorefullydescribed. Fig. 10 is a vertical centralsectional elevation of the oil tank.

A represents the stove proper, which may be a one, two, three or fourburner, according to the size wanted. In so far as the frame alone isconcerned I make no claim to novelty, and I may, therefore, constructthis frame and the top plate B thereof according to any fashion ordesign or style that mayf for the time being be preferred.

C representstheoil or iuid tank, and D l the supply pipe which extendsfrom the tankv along the end of the burner, and thence alongV the frontthereof to supply oil to the burnersj ing an individual burnerindependent of the others, and all constructed and operating in the samemanner. Hence, the description of one of the burners serves for theentire series, if there be two or more. It will be observed that thetank is removable from its holder, which has the supply tube D attachedthereto, and when exhausted is lifted out and taken away to the oilsupply can to be lled, just as would be done with a lamp. This, however,is incidental and in itself is not new.

A certain amount of` pressure has been found absolutely essential togasoline or like lvapor burner'in order to maintain the neces- Be itknown that I, HENRY RUPPEL, a citi-y sary Viowof vapor and to keep,l upa steady strong' flame, and among the ways of producing andpmaintainingsuch pressure have been the elevated tank which' gavegravity pressure orartificial pressure, such compressed air, or the pressure of the vaporby gravity' in a comparatively long high tube. The objections to eachand all of these methods are well-known and need not be enumerated hereto showthat they should be overcome and remedied.

In the present construction I have overcome the necessity,ofjintroducingpressure by outside and expensive or objectionable y means and amenabled to maintain all the In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is; aperspectiveelevation of a vapor stove in' which my invention isvcontained, and Fig. ,2, Fig.` 3 is' aside elevation of the burnermechanism, and

needed pressure and supply of vapor with air in proper proportions for iperfect and satisfactory combustion without anyof the means justenumerated. IY have, therefore, practically done away with the elevatedtank in any of the old styles, and have avoided the introduction ofartificial pressure and of other means outsideof the burner formaintaining pressure, and this I have accomplished by means of thepeculiar construction of burner `which I shall now describe.

This burner has at the basis of the principle upon which itisconstructed, means for expanding the vapor and air after passing.

into the burner and consisting in this instance of a mixing chamber ordrum F,which is entirely closed excepting as itis penetrated by the'airand vapor supply tube --2, and

of course at its top whereitiis'eovered by the burner cap -3-.

This cap'niay be of any 'suitable construction, but" isfshown here ashavinga series of transve'rseslots extending entirely across the capand'of 'such size and space apart as to best serve their purpose. It

will be noticed thatv the tube .'-2- passes almost entirely across thedrumRgand that the commingled vapor andair therein, after entering in acool state, is exposed-to the radiated heat of the burner land therebyexpanded so as to produce an outward pressure through the burner cap.This promotes the steadyv and even flow of vapor tothe tiame which isnecessary to keep up the supply, and by having a large chambenas shown,filled-with the vapor, the supply is made abundant and the pressure helduniform. It will be understood that the drum F is vapor tight about itssides and bottom except through tube -2-, and

the ducts -l2--, which are exposedl to the ,course the details of theseparts need not be `rigidly adhered to in constructing the burner, butmay be changed and varied more or less` without departing from theinvention. After initial starting and after the burner has' when theburner is under way and in a good generating condition, as it is in afew minutes after initial lighting, the vapor which issues through theneedle oriiice -4-, controlled by the valve -5-, is injected through thesaid tube into the drum F. This injection of Vapor entrails air, so thatthe admixture of air and vapor in the drum is such as to produce andsustain a beautiful blue flame and afford that perfect combustion whichis so much desired. Obviously, there is a healthy reciprocal actionbetween the draft of the burner which draws and consumes theaccumulating vaporand air from the drum and the supply of these elementsthrough tube -2-, but intermediate of these is the expansion of thevapor and air under the effect of the heat radiations from the burnerwhich gives the steady and constant pressure that is necessary tomaintain a uniform and ever reliable liame. It will be noticed that thenormal conditions of the burner are certain to be maintained by thisconstruction, because every part can be relied upon to do its workuniniiuenced by surroundings. Thus, with the valve -5-- open to acertain ascertained point and the burner at work a given and even supplyof vapor will liow and auniform quantity of air will pass into the drumwith the vapor. Then, once in the drum, the conditions there areunchangeable and the flame cannot help being uniformly fed alike to allparts of the burner cap.

Two channels or ducts are shown for the oil, one leading to theinitialburner and the other to the burner proper. The supply pipe D extendsacross one end and along the front of the stove, and the initial burnercap G has the duct --7m leading thereto and controlled by valve -S-which is shown here as in vertical position behind the head -9- ot thevalve -5-, so as to be protected from accidental movement. Over theinitial lighting cup or pan G is a swinging perforated hood or cover Il,which is raised to introduce a match for lighting and is thenimmediately closed. The initial flame is thus protected from aircurrents and can be kept burning very 10W, it desired, or turned outafter the burner is started. The valve --8- hasa curved arm --10` whichengages fixed stops to limit its rotation, so that it cannot be openedbeyond a certain point and only enough to serve the purpose. Whenstarted by applying a match, the burner can be left indefinitely andwith perfect safety. Then if the burner is to be used the valve 5 isturned and the burner is automatically lighted from the initial flame.The pipe -llconnects with the supply pipe D and heat in the initialburner chamber. Ot

become heated the oil passages are heated sullieiently to producevaporization of the oil by means of heat from the main burner. Topromote this result I form a downward lip -13- on the burner capopposite the inner end of the pipe -l1-, and a shield i4-- over saidlip, as plainlyV seen in several iigures.

It will be noticed as a distinguishing feature of this stove that theoil is delivered practically direct from the tank to the burner by themost simple construction possible and without the intervention of anymechanism or means whatever to alter or affect the transmission of theoil except the exposure of the oil duct to the heat of the burner andthe pipe for mixing the air and vapor. Otherwise the operation is directand immediate from the oil tank to the burner. There is nointermediateprocess and mechanism for conversion and commiugling; noartificially applied pressure, and no unsightly elevated tank with itsattendant dangers and inconveniences. All these things are obviated andovercome and a sim plc direct structure takes their place.

It will further be noticed that although the oil tank is locatedsomewhat above the level of the point ofthe oil or vapor delivery oftheburner, there is practically no pressure present by reason of thissomewhat higher elevation, because the oil is really contained in theinner removable tank C', and the valve mechanism connected with thisinner tank is such that only a very limited flow of oil is permitted inthe outer tank C at any time, the highest level to which the oil risesin the outer tank being indicated by the line c, c. This makes theoperation wholly different from what it would be if a full tank of oilwere in open communication and pressure upon the supply pipe D.

The details of the parts associated with the burner and with the initialheating mechanism are shown in Figs. 5 to S. In Fig. S I show an apron-lt-- which is cast inthe same part with the cup G, and is bolted orotherwise fastened to the drum If, as seen in Figs. 2 and 4.-. Thisapron has an opening H15- for the passage of the vapor jet -4;-, whichcarries the jet point outside of the apron. By this construction I avoidany possible lighting from the initial chamber tothe vapor jet, andthereby protect the jet orifice and the flow of vapor from ignition.Above this apron is shown a curved perforated plate lG- which protectsthe rear of the initial lighting chamber. It the initial ilame belighted and unlighted vapor escapes from the burner drum through theburner cap, a portion of the vapor will roll down between the lip 13-and the shield -l4 into the ignition chamber and be lighted and thereby.light the burner.

Having thus described my inventiolnwhat I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, ism- 1. A vapor stove in which pressure in theoil supply pipe is avoided, comprising a lowdown fluid-supply tank, anexpansion chamber having a burner cap and an induction tube extendingacross the center of said cham- Aber, a shield for the induction tubeextending down from the surface of the expansion chamber across theentrance to said tube and apart therefrom to admit air and preventescape and ignition ofvapor from about said entrance, an initial burnerarranged wholly outside of said shield and separated from the expansionchamber thereby, the fluid supply pipe leading from the fluid tank, thevaporcontrolling valve extending through the said shield immediately infront of the entrance to the induction tube, and a separate valve tocontrol the liow of fluid to the initial burner, the combination beingand operating, substantially as described.

2. In a vapor stove, a fluid-supply tank having its outlet substantiallyon a plane with the top of the stove and adapted to relieve thefluid-supply pipe leading to the burner from the head or pressure of thefluid in the tank, in combination with the burner having an expansiondrum or chamber closed at its bottom and sides and provided with aninduction tube extending inward across its center` from one side nearlyto the other and about midway of the height of the chamber, a shield forsaid induction tube closed against the expansion chamber acrossl its topto prevent upward suction and draft across the mouth of said tube andextending down across the mouth of said tube and apart therefrom topermit a free inflow of air, a fluid supply-pipe leading from the bottomof the said fluid supply tank, and a valve projecting through saidshield to control the flow of vapor from said pipe into said inductiontube, substantially as set forth. v

3. In a vapor stove, an expansion chamber for the burner closed at itsbottom and sides and having a burner cap across its top, and a vaporinduction tube projecting into said chamber about midway. between thebottom and top thereof, a shield or apron overhanging the mouth of saidvapor induction tube from above the sam'e and extending down directly infront thereof in a' plane substantially parallel to said opening, and aninduction valve projecting through said shield or apron, substantiallyas described.

4. In a vapor stove, an expansion chamber for the burner closed at itsbottom and sides and having aburner cap across its top, a vaporinduction tube projecting into said chamber about midway between its topand bottom and open at both ends, a starting burner and means to supplythe burning fluid thereto, an apron or shield for the induction tubeclosing against the expansion chamber above the induction tube andextending thence downwardly across the outer opening of said Y inductiontube and distant therefrom, said apron or shield placed between saidinduction tube and the initial burner and wholly separating one from theother, substantially as described.

5. The combination of a low-down fluidsupply tank, a main burner, a drumon which said burner is mounted, a vapor induction tube leading intosaid drum at its side and extending almost across it, an initial burner,a vapor jet or nozzle supported by and above said initial burner and inline with the induction tube, a main fluid-supply tube 11 arrangedwithin the influence of the heat from the main and initial burners andhaving pipes communicating with the vapor jet or nozzle, a main pipeextending from the tank to the supply tube, a branch pipe leading fromthe main pipe to the initial burner, a

controlling valve therein, and deflectors for conducting the flame ofthe initialburner to the main burner and for screening the vapor jet,substantially as described.

6. A vapor burner comprising the expansion chamber or drum F, inductiontube 2 extending within said drum and almost across it, the main burnercap 3 arranged over the fdrum, the supplemental burner lip 13 at itsside formed integral therewith, vaporizing chamber 11 located within theinfluence of 95 the heat from the burner, deflector plate 14 for thesupplemental burner lip, pipes 12, 12, leading from opposite sides ofsaid vaporizing chamber and communicating with. the main supply nozzle,the said nozzle arranged roo opposite the induction tube, and an initialburner, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

7. The expansion drum F and main burner 3 thereon having the downwardlip 13 at its 105 side formed integral therewith, combined with the pipe11, shield 14, pipes 12, 12, leading from opposite sides of pipe 11, themain vapor supply jet or nozzle communicating with the said pipe, theinitial burnerG havy1 to ing opening 15 to receive the main supplynozzle and the apron 14 formed integral with said burner, and a low-downfluid supply tank, substantially as and forthe purpose set forth.

8. The vaporizing pipe 11, deflector plate 14, pipes 12, 12, leadingfrom opposite sides of pipe 11 and communicating with the main vaporsupply jet or nozzle, and the said nozzle, combined with the expansiondrum, main burner cap thereon, the vapor tube 2 ar- 12o ranged in saiddrum opposite said nozzle, the initial burner, the supplemental burnerlip 13 and the low-down fluid supply, substantially as and for thepurposes set forth.

Witness my hand to the foregoing specification.

HENRY RUPPEL. Witnesses:

H. T. FISHER, R. B. Mossa.

